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Aryeh Tzvi Frumer
Aryeh Tzvi Frumer ((ヘブライ語:אריה צבי פרומר); also spelled ''Fromer'' or ''Frommer''; 1884 –2 May 1943)〔 was a leading Orthodox rabbi, rosh yeshiva, and posek (halachic authority) in 20th-century Poland. Known as the Kozhiglover Rav after his short term as Rav of Koziegłowy, he served as rosh yeshiva of the yeshiva in Sochaczew (Sochatchov) from 1910 to 1914 and rosh yeshiva of Yeshivas Chachmei Lublin, the premier yeshiva of Poland, from 1934 to 1939. During the German Occupation of Poland, he was incarcerated in the Warsaw Ghetto. In spring 1943 he was deported to the Majdanek concentration camp, where he was murdered. His book of responsa, ''Eretz Tzvi'' (Land of the Deer) is widely quoted to this day.
==Family background==
Frumer was born in Czeladź, Poland, to Hanoch Hendel Frumer, a tailor.〔〔"(ואלה תולדות רבי אריה צבי פרומר זצוק"ל (These Are the Generations: Rabbi Aryeh Tzvi Frumer) )" (in Hebrew). Recollections of Israel Ehrlich, printed in ''HaTzofeh'', 21 Shevat 5736 (January 23, 1976). Reprinted in ''Eretz Tzvi'' (1976), pp. 6–11.〕 He had one brother, Reuven, and two sisters, Taibel Leah and Faigel.〔 His mother, Miriam Kayla, died when he was 3 years old. After his father remarried, he was sent to learn in a cheder in a nearby town, where he boarded with his mother's relatives.〔〔 Here he proved himself to have a sharp mind and understanding. People began calling him by the Yiddish translation of his name, "Leib Hirsch".〔 At the age of 12 he went to learn in the yeshiva ketana in Amstov, near Częstochowa, where he outpaced boys his own age in their studies.〔 A year later, after his bar mitzvah, he moved to the yeshiva of the Sochatchover Rebbe, the Avnei Nezer, in Sochaczew.〔 Here Frumer found fellow students at the same high intellectual level as he, and grew into a Torah scholar of note.〔 He became a devout Sochatchover Hasid, and went on to serve the first three Sochatchover Rebbes.
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